The cover of Mutual Aid

Mutual Aid

Is nature mainly a war of every animal against its own kind, or does cooperation do more to help species survive?

At a glance

Author
Peter Kropotkin

Why read it

  • You will see why Kropotkin finds that the most sociable species are the most numerous and prosperous
  • You will notice that the harshest struggle many animals face is against frost, storms and floods, not against rivals of their own kind
  • You will question the Darwinist view that struggle between members of one species is the main driver of evolution

Who it is for

  • A biology student curious about cooperation in evolution
  • A reader who doubts that competition explains everything
  • An organizer interested in the history of cooperation

Contents

  1. Introduction
  2. Mutual Aid
  3. I
  4. II
  5. III
  6. IV
  7. V
  8. VI
  9. VII
  10. VIII
  11. Conclusion

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